Monday, November 28, 2011

Devaluation of the CFA: Lessons from Fotso and Kontchou




 Any financial regulatory authority knows that to carry out the devaluation of a currency is a delicate task. All simulations are run in a tightly controlled manner and then one day, and without any warning, the news of the devaluation is brought to light.


This is useful because it prevents speculators from going bullish on foreign currency and tying up local capital markets. The internet has revolutionized the acquisition and modelling of data that is used in FOREX markets. As such, a meeting between African and European Central bankers may signal a fundamental change in monetary policy. A major sovereign debt crisis is now sweeping across Europe, and the Euro, the common currency used by 17 of the 27 member countries of the EUROZONE is under threat.


Africa comes into the picture because the CFA franc which is in wide use in Central and West Africa is directly pegged by a fixed parity to the Euro. While austerity measures are imposed on Euro countries, they must somehow continue to get commodities, but not at current prices. As such, an immediate consequence of the European Sovereign Debt Crisis of 2011 will be the devaluation of the CFA Franc. Thus, europeans will be able to buy oil, coffee, cocoa and bananas very cheaply form the CFA Franc countries. 
News of the imminent devaluation of the CFA franc is now drying up capital markets, and slowing down the transfer of funds by the African Diaspora back to relatives in their countries of origin, pending the devaluation, while wealthy Cameroonians, mostly corrupt relatives of Paul Biya are channeling funds out of the country at an unprecedented rate. In 1994, Mexico was in Cameroon's position today, and through mismanagement of what would have been a painless devaluation of the peso found itself facing default.

Sentient of the possibility this may happen, Cameroon's minister of economy and finance cooked up a clever scheme to make the most out of the situation. He floated Cameroon treasury bonds (only local banks bought in - were they coerced?) that were subscribed to the tune of about $16 million for the first round. He hopes to repeat the feat four more times, ending December 15, 2011, giving him just enough time to do some "Cameroonian Magic" on the International Forex Markets before the CFA franc gets devalued on the 1st of January 20112.

But can he be trusted? He says the "scheme" of issuing treasury bonds shows that the Cameroonian economy is healthy, and it provides a means for the average Cameroonians to make some money with their dormant savings. The Cameroon Treasury Bonds are sold at the banks that have subscribed and give a return of about 2,5%.

But here is where the curiosity begins. The term of the treasury bonds are suspiciously short. Typically bonds will be issued by sovereign entities with terms of about 3 years, 5 years, 10 years or more. The maturity dates for the Cameroon Treasury bonds are just too short to make any sense. It is the same kind of term a "money doubler" or "Shiba Man"  will promise his victim.

We have not forgotten about Cameroon Bank, Credit Agricole, BICIC, and other Banks that went under, while some government officials lined their pockets. We have not forgotten about the 1994 World Cup in the USA when Kontchou Koumegni wiped out almost a million dollars in cash, and then got promoted as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the University of Douala.

This umpteenth scheme by the Minister of Economy and Finance looks like it will burn some serious holes in the savings of Cameroonians (Cameroonians have very little in savings and there is no way the amounts raised could have been from the savings of ordinary Cameroonians. On the day salaries are paid, civil servants line up at the bank, cash all their money on the spot and take it home). If he wants to play a high stakes poker game like Yves Michel Fotso did during the 1994 devaluation (he got arrested for money laundering), he should do so with the money of his friends (like he is right now). 
Trying to play "wash wash" with the savings of his friends while passing under the radar of the IMF, World Bank, and the French Treasury (trustee to the XAF and XOF) casting the funds as from ordinary Cameroonians will ultimately cost him his job. Remember the Russian Financial Crisis of 1998. A word to the wise is enough. We have 33 days to go!





Devaluation of the CFA (XOF, XAF): Ramblings of Cameroon's Finance Minister.

Sunday, November 27, 2011

Speculators disrupt EUR - XAF FOREX as CFA Franc readies devaluation

Devaluation of the CFA Franc (XAF and XOF) in January 2011


The last time this happened, it took most Africans by surprise. In August 1993, the French Central bank refused exchanging CFA Francs, then a month later, currency transfers from the CFA Zone countries was limited, if not banned completely and in early January 1994, the CFA lost 50% of its value.

The population living in the areas of Africa that used this currency had a long stretch of desert to cover after seeing their savings wiped out, and their sovereign debt double overnight. Smart and quick moving businessmen and officials made a killing, transferring huge sums of money out of the CFA Zone, and then back once the dust had settled.

Meanwhile, officials in the Finance ministries denied any claims of devaluation to stem capital flight. 
The paradigm has now shifted. In a world of 24 hour news cycles, proletarian internet access, instant telephone connectivity and widespread e-business practices, it is hard to keep secrets for long.


Anyone who has not been living under a rock or in the Amazon has heard and seen the travails of the Euro, to which the CFA is pegged. The growing OWS (Occupy Wall Street) movement has led to riots worldwide. Africa is not spared from this global economic chaos. The citizenry in poor African countries is spared the minutiae of macroeconomics and globalization. Their leaders prefer them uninformed, so they are easier to manipulate and control. This is like having cancer, with three months left to live and your doctor does not inform you.

In their genteel world of artificial bliss, they are not aware of the huge deficits many of their governments have run up. Cameroon recently issued a bond offer to raise CFA 50 billion in funds, ostensibly for some infrastructural projects. It may be a lame attempt to sucker in some investors who will soon realize they are holding junk bonds when the CFA gets devalued. But we have to give it to that country's economy and finance minister for trying to stick it up to the MAN.

It is too late for some who have sent thousands of dollars to Africa for the end of year holidays. This time of year is historically when the Dollar to Euro parity is lowest, and ultimately you get less bang per buck. It may be more sensible to wait until late January 2012 to send cash to Africa, for you will get more of the devalued CFA per dollar or Euro.
Nigeria is being open, and its central bank governor Lamido Sanusi has publicly stated that the Naira will be devalued 3%-5% in 2012. 

And a final word, African leaders need to be more transparent in their dealings with the citizens of their countries. If people could understand how much of a deficit their country has, see its changes over time and how it impacts their daily lives, they will be more willing to work hard and make a fair share of sacrifices to help their country grow. Bad leaders will be exposed (most of the CFA country leaders are) and get voted out of office so this is clearly not going to happen in Africa.

Therefore, what it comes down to is a situation where every man fights for himself. Do yourself a favor, keep all of your money out of the CFA countries until the currency gets devalued, which is what's going to happen in about 30 days. The cat is out of the bag, and the devaluation may come much sooner rather than later. You have been warned.




Wednesday, November 9, 2011

Tribalism 101: Initiating Genocide


OWS: Occupy Wall Street learns from Julius MALEMA "Juju"




With winter fast approaching and authorities whipping up popular sentiment against the Occupy Wall Street movement, the organizers of the cloud-like protests have taken a lesson from a master politician, South Africa's Julius Malema, a.k.a. "Juju".
From Oakland to New York City, and many major cites in between, protests have been going on for a couple of months now against what is perceived as the high handed ways of the rich, and the growing divide between the rich and the poor. The faltering economy does not help the situation either. And financial institutions that were bailed out with tax payer money are still refusing to make loans to small businesses thus preventing them from hiring. 

Authorities have accused the protestors of illegally occupying public areas, using unauthorized power sources in restricted areas, and generally behaving in a way that may disturb public peace. In order to have the Movement slow down, they have surreptitiously sent in homeless people to join the protests, and even some drug addicts and other criminal minds, according to reports from New York City.





To ramp up the rhetoric, coalesce and bring their case to Washington, the Occupy Wall Street Movement will be coming to Washington D.C. They plan to leave Liberty Square in New York, and march about 20 miles a day for two weeks, and reach Washington DC just about when the "Super Committee" in Congress that is reviewing tax cuts will be meeting.

 Their tactic echoes the recent march in South Africa initiated by the ANCYL (ANC Youth League) president Julius Malema. He dubbed it "The March For Economic Freedom". About 10,000 youths converged on Johannesburg, then proceeded to march, with Malema in the lead to the Union Buildings which is the seat of the South African Government in Pretoria.That was just about two short weeks ago, on October 27th 2011.



The march had widespread media coverage and showed the power 30 year old Julius Malema wields in South African politics.

Walking from New York to Washington DC in a day and age when global warming is playing tricks with the weather can be treacherous. May Washington heed the call of the Occupy Wall Street Movement, and prevent any unnecessary injuries or worse, loss of life. Afterall, the taxes these people paid bailed out the Fat Cats on Wall Street!



Tuesday, November 1, 2011

New Cameroon Football Team Coach Denis Lavagne


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The Cameroon national Soccer squad has a new coach.  French born Denis Lavagne has taken over he reigns of the team. Previously, he was coach of Cotonsport in Cameroon.

He replaces Javier Clemente, who was sacked after he failed to qualify the Indomitable Lions for the 2012 African Nations Cup.

Denis Lavagne (copyright africapresse.com)


Cameroon 2011: Sarkozy instructs Biya to implement constitution




French president Nicholas Sarkozy finally gave a timid welcome back into the Francophonie fold to Paul Biya, president of the oil rich Central African Nation, Cameroon.


Eight days after his election under dubious circumstances, the aged Biya, who is 78 years old had been waiting for endorsements from Western Democracies and none was coming his way.




Last week, he had to send his External Relations minister, Henri Ayissi Eyebe,  to France to plead for a congratulatory message. He got firm instructions instead to fully implement the 1996 constitution from France. Sarkozy and US president Barack Obama don't have any love for despots and have made no bones about this.

At least, Sarkozy made a statement and for this, Henri Eyebe Ayissi WILL BE in the next government. That is how Biya's  autocratic, despotic, ethnocentric and tribalistic regime works!


Biya had it coming. No matter how you read it, the message he got from Sarkozy reads more like a scolding from a teacher than a diplomatic message destined to a head of State. 


US president Barack Obama has not bothered to acknowledge that anything significant happened in Cameroon. Even when Biya insists and gets installed in the presidential palace, he should know that the clock is ticking, and Sarkozy, Obama, the International Community and Cameroonians can turn their backs on him at any time. His tribalism infused ruling Cabal or his friends from the Communist People's Republic of China won't be able to protect him, when the hour of reckoning comes.


He can show some degree of good will in the new younger faces in his next government. The world will be watching.




Friday, October 28, 2011

New World Order taking shape: Africa on Back Burner




The Arab world is roiled in an unprecedented crises. Autocratic despots who have used the natural resources of their countries as bargaining chips to cling on to power are now facing the awakening of the masses they effectively controlled in the dark ages when information was the privy of the privileged few.
Recent weeks have seen various regimes in the arab world suddenly having to deal with popular uprisings. These came as a surprise to many, including scholars and other luminaries of think tanks like the Bilderberg Group, the Council on Foreign Relations, or the Trilateral Commission.
Western governments had to react rapidly , and soon, information and total control of unfolding events was in the hands of the masses. That was good news. The Internet played a pivotal role, with tools like Facebook and Twitter used to organize peaceful protests against dictators.

However, not all popular uprisings are created equal. In countries that have populations that yearn the newly acquired freedom of the Tunisians for example, lack of coordination by peaceful protestors because of poor telecommunications infrastructure can often lead to violent repression of the people by the ruling class. This is evident in Yemen, Cote d'Ivoire and Cameroon.

But if you go further South, in Cote d'Ivoire for example, incumbent Laurent Gbagbo who lost presidential elections to economist Alassane Quattara, is still sitting tight, irrespective of calls by the United Nations, International Observers and an uprising by his people. The reason may be, the wind of change that is blowing in the Maghreb, attracting all the focus of global security analysts, diplomats and the media.

Since the beginning of March 2011, there has been talk of a very tense atmosphere in Saudi Arabia, Iran, and other countries in the Middle East that have had the same ruling elite for many decades. While the world's leading economic and military powers try to make sense of the unfolding situation in the Arab countries, other despots in sub saharan Africa like Laurent Gbagbo in Cote d'Ivoire, and paul Biya in Cameroon lie low and take advantage of the situation to consolidate their power.

It is essential that while the New World Order falls into place, Africans stand up and take their rightful place in the global community of nations. This can only come as a result of countries having leaders who have a popular mandate, and who understand that they serve at the pleasure of the citizens of their country. Those who hold on tight to power like Muammar al Qaddafi in Libya and Laurent Gbagbo in Cote d'Ivoire or Paul Biya in Cameroon also seem to be those with the least enviable achievements, given the resources at their disposal. The oppressed masses will be heard, time is on their side.





Thursday, October 27, 2011

Cameroon 2011: Is Biya legitimate?

Winning elections used to be a stroll in the park for entrenched dictators like Paul Biya. Cameroonians mounted a weak protest in 2008 in the face of yet another amendment of the constitution of the oil rich African nation which allowed the aging leader, 78 year old Paul Biya to stand yet for another mandate as President of the Republic after 36 years in power.






Those who attempted to mount opposition to this move quickly found themselves in jail. The electoral process in Cameroon is not credible, and Paul Biya now finds himself in the midst of popular rejection by Cameroonians. In a democracy, it is abnormal for an individual, and his tribesmen to dominate the rest of the country, stifling any diverging voice or point of view and throwing political opponents in jail. Professor Titus Edzoa, whose only crime was to have dared to stand as a candidate for the 1997 presidential elections is still in jail, with the keys in Paul Biya's pocket.




The official website of the Presidency of the Republic of Cameroon ( www.prc.cm ) so far shows only two congratulatory messages, one from the figurehead German Federation President Christian Wulff (real power lies with the Chancellor, Angela Merkel), and the second, from the Moroccan King, Mohammed VI (Arab Spring knocking on his door after Libya - solidarity anyone?). No other head of state or leader has addressed a congratulatory message to Paul Biya, eight days after he was declared winner of the presidential elections.



The silence is telling. Even other African Presidents have not broken ranks to congratulate Biya. Total silence from Ndjamena to Libreville, Abuja to Malabo. Even the highly visible rapprochement he has had with the Communist People's Republic of China has not earned him a friendly message from President Hu Jintao. Slowly, beautiful Cameroon is becoming a pariah State under the stewardship of Paul Biya. When a man takes all the resources of his country and places them in the hands of his tribesmen, who in turn brutalize the rest of the citizenry, he will one day meet his reckoning from those same tribesmen to whom he conferred power.
Once more, we have to say, Biya still has time...not much time, but just enough to leave power, retire peacefully to his beloved Lake Geneva beach residence and save face. Whether he gets indicted by the International Tribunal at the Hague or some other legal Jurisdiction for plundering the Cameroon's treasury and Human Rights abuses that occurred during his 36 year watch, is a question that will be left to the fresh and dynamic leaders who will rise up to reverse 36 years of despotic rule to decide.




The real score for Mr Biya during the 2011 presidential election is visible on his very own official website. He has been rejected firstly by the Cameroonian people, and now, by his peers!


Cameroon: Biya envoy attempts to appease Cameroonian Diaspora.



Henri Eyebe Ayissi, Cameroon's External Relations Minister is on a mission. He will be in Paris, France, this Sunday, October 30th 2011 to meet Cameroonians. His singular goal, stem the growing tide of domestic and International opposition to the Biya regime. For a brief recap, Paul Biya has been effectively ruling the oil rich African nation since 1975 when he became Prime Minister. Under his tenure, the country's infrastructure has collapsed while Mr Biya enjoys lengthy holidays on the shores of Lake Geneva in Switzerland. He is propped up by a deeply entrenched tribalistic cabal with close ties to the Communist People's Republic of China.







Presidential elections which were held on the 9th of October 2011 saw record low voter turnout - the result was known in advance - Paul Biya will be the winner.






Failing the endorsement by the International Community for a victory widely seen as a sham by Paul Biya, for the first time in his 36 years of rule, he seeks to dialogue with Cameroonians. He is too important to talk to ordinary Cameroonians and sends his External Relations Minister to Paris, no doubt with a suitcase full of cash to silence critics.





Meaningful criticism can only come from the diaspora. When pop star Lapiro de Mbanga expressed his views against yet another mandate by the seventy-eight year old president, Paul Biya promptly had the artist jailed. No one can openly criticize Mr Biya in Cameroon and sleep peacefully at night. Many have found out the hard way.












Mr Henri Eyebe Ayissi should give his colleague Gregoire Owona a lesson in diplomacy, so that  he refrains from insulting foreign dignitaries. It is in bad taste and not representative of Cameroonian values.


Cameroonians just wish Mr Paul Biya would retire and leave the nation to continue its progress in peace. Mr Henri Eyebe Ayissi seems to think otherwise. No doubt he is heading to France to make the case for Mr Biya. The people will prevail.




Wednesday, October 26, 2011

R2P in Cameroon: Fact finding on the ground.

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The recent United Nations mandated operation  in Libya that ended with the demise of long-time tyrant, Muammar Ghadafi was triggered by a key notion in International Affairs - the "Responsibility to Protect" known as R2P.


In the late-nineties, the United Nations Organization had become bloated and distracted from its initial goal which was to ensure peace and stability between nations by fostering the interaction of countries at regional and supra regional fora, thereby facilitating conflict mediation.


During this reform process, the African Union through the Ezulwini Consensus in 2005 presented a united front, with one of its top priorities being the "Responsibility to Protect"


What R2P means is that all states have a responsibility to protect their citizens from human rights abuses and torture. It furthermore grants states the authority to intervene in other sovereign states where such acts are being carried out.


Therefore, a state has the primary responsibility to protect its citizens, failing that, the International Community has the RIGHT to step in and stop all atrocities.


When Libyan Tyrant Muammar Ghadafi was murdering his people, no one could stop him. he embodied the state and everyone was answerable only to him. He had overstayed his welcome, 42 years of rule -  and still believed the world was just like back in the sixties and seventies when torture and murder of political enemies was the norm. He failed to democratize his country. 


When he turned his guns against unarmed civilians in Benghazi in February 2011, he was inviting the International Community to come into Libya and stop the atrocities. R2P was a success in Libya because the cause and main instigator of the atrocities was removed and no longer poses a threat to unarmed civilians in the country.


Observers of the socio-political scene in Cameroon have noted some parallels with Libya. Violent repression of peaceful protests by the 78 year old Paul Biya, who has single-handedly ruled the country for the past 36 years.










Jailing of political opponents without judgment. Spending from the public treasury like his personal piggy bank. And the worse, widespread corruption, tribalism and cronyism.










"Responsibility to Protect" does not always entail military action. It starts with the use of diplomacy, if that fails, more coercive action like sanctions are imposed on the offender and if proven ineffective, then military action is called for as a last resort such as was the case in Libya.




Whether the International Community decides to take action depends on Paul Biya's actions in the coming days. Whatever he does, he should by now know that he has overstayed his welcome, and will have the final opportunity to write the last few pages of the epilogue of 36 years of absolute autocratic, tribalism laced power in Cameroon. The ball is in his court.








Cameroon 2011: Five essential Questions for Paul Biya:





Any journalist who has the opportunity to interview Mr Paul Biya, here are the five questions Cameroonians are dying to ask their aging president to ensure he is still sentient of his actions and responsibilities.


1. Can you name 5 governors of any of Cameroon's 10 Administrative Regions?


2. There are 58 Divisions within the regions. They are headed by key personnel who represent the executive branch of government. These are the Senior Divisional Officers (SDO) that the president alone appoints. Can Mr Biya name any 5 of these key administrative personnel that he alone appoints and what Division are they heading?


3. Can Mr Biya name 5 current cabinet ministers in his regime and their respective ministries to which he appointed them?


4. How much does it cost a Cameroonian woman (cash out of pocket cost) to give birth at the Gyneco-Obstetric Hospital in Yaounde?


5. What is the cost of a litre of Super Petrol (gasoline) in Yaounde.




If the president cannot answer these questions, then he is out of touch with the reality of millions of Cameroonians, the same people for whom he shows public scorn, and therefore should be found ineligible to be running the country, or failing that, recognize that Jean Njeunga is worthy of a cabinet position in government.







Cameroon 2011: Biya seeking CREDIBILITY

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Even though results for the 2011 presidential elections in Cameroon have been proclaimed, the incumbent and president-elect, Paul Biya, seems to have a very big problem in his hands, that of credibility.


Voter turn out was low, and Mr Biya had the whole party-State machinery to use in campaigning. This is amongst many other irregularities noted by International Observers during the conduct of the election. But that is beyond the point. What irks many is the refusal of Mr Biya, after being in control of the country since 1975 when he became Prime Minister to appoint fresh faces, uncorrupted and competent Cameroonians to posts of responsibility.


Instead of doing what comes natural in a democratic society, that is, renewing the governing apparatus to adapt to social, cultural and political changes, and to build strong institutions, Mr Biya instead spends his days lounging in Switzerland on the shores of Lake Geneva. What he leaves behind is a state that is piloted using dead-reckoning. An example, one amongst thousands, is the lukewarm reaction of the Biya regime's government following the Kenya Airways crash on May 5th 2007 in Douala, Cameroon. The Managing Director of Kenya Airways Group, Titus Naikuni was on the spot, opened up information centers for the families of victims, and was very available to the press. The Cameroonian authorities were no where to be found!  With Biya at the helm of the country, it does not bode well for the long term progress of Cameroonians.


Corruption is widespread, and there are too many untouchables in Biya's inner circle. 


Instead of using some of the past 36 years he has been in power to develop the colonial infrastructure of the country, pipe clean water into homes and make access to medical treatment a reality, Mr Biya embarked instead on self agrandizing, and building a personality cult. That paradigm no longer holds true in today's world. Libyan Tyrant Muammar Ghadafi just learned that lesson.


The last time Paul Biya, ruler of Cameroon presided a cabinet meeting was in.... 2009!. How can anyone possibly say that Mr Biya has the best interest of the Cameroonian people at heart. There are just too many arguments to support the lack of interest in governing that Mr Biya has displayed over the years. Certainly it is time to look closely at his record.


Traditionally, Independent African Nations' heads of states' official vehicles come from a manufacturer based in the former colonial power. As such, the Kenyan president would ride in a Bentley or Range Rover, both British made cars. England was the colonial power.



Former french Colonies like Senegal, Gabon,  Mali and Cameroon have their heads of States riding in French made cars.


In a sign of the times, Paul Biya has broken ranks, and ditched the French made Peugeot, and even the generally acceptable alternative, Mercedes Benz, in favor of a British made Bentley.


Furthermore, just weeks before the October 9th polls, Biya paid a visit to China. This open rapprochement with communist China points to the general direction Cameroon's foreign policy and trade relations will take in the coming years.




Cameroonians are not fond of the Chinese. They are accused of taking everything away from peasants, and bringing nothing in return. They have no respect for anyone and are notorious for treating law enforcement officials shabbily. There is no way to appeal, Biya has long term trade agreements that tie up Cameroon to the Communist People's Republic of China. 





Five days after the elections results were made public, Mr Biya is still waiting anxiously for congratulatory messages - the ones that matter - namely from Western Powers and the United Nations Secretary General,  to pour in. He is getting no love.


The United States, France, the European Union, and even the United Nations all have been mum. Something is brewing below the surface. To make matters worse, the opposition parties in Cameroon now seem to have found a voice, and are coalescing to present a united front against Mr Biya and his cronies.

Even the French press is having a field day, joyfully firing salvos Mr Biya's way with no substantive rebuttal from the Biya regime. Something has to give. 






The only way out would be for Mr Biya to leave power while there is still time. There are voices grumbling across the countryside and he should heed their call. A level headed and well rounded person like His Excellency Ahmadou Ali, Minister of Justice and keeper of the Seals would be a logical and very legitimate choice to move to Etoudi.





Mr Biya has alienated his friends, lost his supporters and now faces a battle over his legitimacy to rule Cameroon. He has overstayed his welcome. No matter if he is going to pave all roads in Cameroon in gold, the time for him to do so has long gone. He now belongs to the pages in history books, just like Ahmadou Ahidjo, John Ngu Foncha, and Samuel Eboa. There is a tiny window for him to burnish his image before quiting center stage but he seems not to notice or care. 

Any moves by him or his henchmen to make the tired and egotistical Biya stay one day longer in power would be obscene. ISSShhhh!!!!